Getting a supertelezoom is difficult.
The best optically is the 180-400,
second is the 200-400,
third is the AF-S 80-400
fourth, IMO is the Sigma 150-600 Sports and
fifth is the 200-500.
The 180-400 is the only one that is good enough in the corners for stitched panoramas with multiple rows and the built-in TC is a big bonus on safari.
The 200-400 plays well with both 1.4X and 1.7X Nikon teleconverters on a D850. On a D750, the AF gets sluggish and hunts in soft light with the 1.7X.
The 80-400 works well with a 1.4X on either body, but forget about the 1.7X as the bite just isn’t there.
The Sigma is a heavy beast, but its slightly polarizing front element makes it cut through heat haze better than the others. It is not even close to matching the pro zooms in optical quality, but that is not to be expected at that price point.
For me, the sample variation I have seen in the different 200-500 lenses I have used is too large. A good one can give the 200-400 a match but a bad one is worse than an old bigma at the long end.
Don’t forget to factor in a sturdy but lightweight monopod for any of these heavy long lenses.
When I was considering what to get to go above 400 mm, I held a two-day workshop with my fellow aircraft photographers out at the local airfield so we could get first-hand experience with as many lenses and teleconverters as possible.
I ended up with a Sigma Sports that seldom lets me down…
Here are some samples:
Swedish Armed Forces Airshow 2022 - Cars and Machinery - NikonForums.com
Swedish Armed Forces Air Show 2018 - Cars and Machinery - NikonForums.com
All handheld.
When it comes to editing, our old editing exercises in the mini-challenges section can be worth a study. I remember quite a few examples of both cloning out and compositing to remove unwanted elements from the shot.